# Sanitary Pads Raw Material Composition and Properties

Sanitary pads are essential hygiene products used by millions of women worldwide. Understanding the raw materials used in their production is crucial for ensuring quality, comfort, and safety. This article delves into the composition and properties of the raw materials commonly used in sanitary pads.

## Core Absorbent Material

The core of a sanitary pad is designed to absorb and retain menstrual fluid. The primary materials used for this purpose include:

– Wood Pulp: A natural, biodegradable material that provides excellent absorbency.
– Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP): A synthetic material that can absorb many times its weight in liquid, enhancing the pad’s capacity.
– Cotton: Often used in premium pads for its softness and hypoallergenic properties.

## Top Sheet

The top sheet is the layer that comes into direct contact with the skin. It must be soft, comfortable, and allow for quick absorption. Common materials include:

– Nonwoven Fabric: Made from synthetic fibers like polypropylene, it is lightweight and allows for rapid liquid transfer.
– Perforated Film: Provides a dry surface feel and prevents leakage.

## Back Sheet

The back sheet is the outermost layer that prevents leakage and provides a barrier to moisture. Materials used include:

– Polyethylene Film: A waterproof material that ensures no leakage occurs.
– Breathable Film: Allows air circulation, reducing the risk of skin irritation.

## Adhesive

Adhesives are used to keep the pad in place. They must be strong enough to hold the pad securely but gentle on the skin. Common types include:

– Hot Melt Adhesive: Provides a strong bond and is easy to apply.
– Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive: Ensures the pad stays in place without causing discomfort.

## Additional Components

Some sanitary pads include additional components for enhanced comfort and functionality:

– Fragrance: Added to mask odors, though it may cause irritation for some users.
– Wings: Extra flaps that fold over the sides of underwear for added security.
– Embossing: Patterns on the top sheet that help distribute fluid evenly.

## Properties of Raw Materials

The properties of the raw materials used in sanitary pads are critical for their performance:

– Absorbency: The ability to quickly absorb and retain liquid.
– Softness: Ensures comfort and prevents skin irritation.
– Breathability: Allows air circulation, reducing the risk of rashes and infections.
– Biodegradability: Important for environmentally friendly products.
– Hypoallergenic: Reduces the risk of allergic reactions.

In conclusion, the raw materials used in sanitary pads are carefully selected to provide optimal performance, comfort, and safety. Understanding their composition and properties helps in making informed choices and ensures the production of high-quality hygiene products.